Why are Nobel Prizes awarded ? Indian Nobel Prize Winner.

 Why are Nobel Prizes awarded ? Indian Nobel Prize Winner.

    Dr. Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish scientist (1833–1896). He gained worldwide fame through the invention of dynamite. Before his death, he made provisions in his will to use the annual income from his vast fortune to reward the world’s greatest contributors in various fields. According to the terms of his will, prizes are awarded every year to one or more individuals in five different categories, a tradition that continues to this day. These awards came to be known as the Nobel Prizes, named after him. The Nobel Prizes have been awarded since 1901.
   On the occasion of the centenary of the Nobel Prize in 2001, the prize money was increased from USD 940,000 to USD 990,000. Since 1969, the Nobel Prize has also been awarded in the field of Economics.
At present, the Nobel Prize is awarded in the following six fields:
1. Physiology or Medicine, 2. Peace, 3. Literature, 4. Physics, 5. Chemistry, 6. Economics

So far, the following Indian-born personalities have received the Nobel Prize:
1. Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) – Literature (for Gitanjali), 1913.
2. Sir C. V. Raman (1888–1970) – Physics, 1930.
3. Dr. Har Gobind Khorana – Physiology or Medicine, 1968. He shared this award jointly with two American scientists, Dr. Robert Holley and Dr. Marshall Nirenberg.
4. Mother Teresa – Peace, 1979. She was born in Yugoslavia in 1910. At the age of 18, she came to India as a missionary. The organization founded by her, Missionaries of Charity, was approved by the Vatican in 1950. She had acquired Indian citizenship in 1948.
5. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar – Physics, 1983. He was born in India in 1910. Nobel Laureate C. V. Raman was his uncle. He completed his early education in Madras and later became a citizen of the United States.
6. Amartya Sen – Economics, 1998. He was born on November 3, 1933. His pioneering work in welfare economics received global recognition. As a leading advocate of Third World economics, his Nobel Prize reshaped traditional economic thinking.
7. Venkatraman Ramakrishnan – Chemistry, 2009, for his research on the structure and function of the ribosome, which plays a crucial role in understanding the process of protein synthesis.
8. Kailash Satyarthi – Peace, 2014, for his work in protecting the rights of children and adolescents, combating child labour, and fighting against child trafficking.
9. Abhijit Banerjee – Economics, 2019.