National Flag of India
The national flag of India is a tricolour. It consists of saffron at the top, white in the middle, and dark green at the bottom. All three colours occupy equal space. The length of the flag is one and a half times its width. In the center of the white band, there is a wheel (chakra) with 24 spokes. This wheel is modeled on the “Dharma Chakra” of the great emperor Ashoka. Each colour and the Ashoka Chakra has a special meaning. Saffron symbolizes sacrifice and courage, white stands for peace and purity, and dark green represents fearlessness, energy, and vitality. The Ashoka Chakra signifies forgiveness, love, progress, and movement.
The flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22nd July 1947, and on the midnight of 14th August 1947, it was ceremonially handed over to the Assembly on behalf of the women of India.
The national flag is a symbol of the dignity of the country. Disrespect to the national flag is equal to disrespect to the nation. For this reason, the Government of India has laid down certain rules regarding its use:
1. The national flag must never be lowered before any person or object.
2. While carrying the flag, it should always be held straight and unfurled. In a procession, it should be carried at the front, held high on the right shoulder by a suitable person.
3. The saffron colour must always remain at the top.
4. No other flag or emblem should be placed above or to the right of the national flag. If displayed with other flags in a row, all other flags must be to the left of the national flag. When flown together, the national flag must always be at the highest position.
On special national occasions such as the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, the birth anniversary of Subhas Chandra Bose, Republic Day, and Independence Day, the national flag is hoisted ceremonially on a large scale. It is usually flown over important government buildings. The flag is flown at half-mast to express national mourning or to show respect to a person or a nation. Hoisting a torn, damaged, or discoloured flag is illegal.
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